Researchers studying the link between obesity and hypertension have discovered new information regarding a gene and a chemical released by fat cells that are integral factors in the development of high blood pressure.

The team from the Medical College of Georgia found that leptin, a chemical produced by fat cells that reduces appetite and increases metabolic activity may contribute to hypertension if the PTP1B gene is missing or damaged.

Both the chemical and the gene are protective measures, according to the team’s research: leptin stimulates the body to lose excess fat and prevent the accumulation of new fat by suppressing appetite, but it increases blood pressure in the process. PTP1B activity helps regulate the effects of leptin, but faulty or missing versions of the gene allow the chemical to increase blood pressure substantially. Therefore, people with hypertension, obese or not, are likely to have faulty or insufficient PTP1B activity.

"We have identified a gene that, if it’s not functional, will greatly increase the extent to which a metabolic signal from leptin translates into a cardiovascular signal," said Dr. David Stepp, the study’s corresponding author. "We also have identified a protective mechanism that, if it’s not working, contributes to hypertension."

The team is still looking over their data to determine the best medical applications for it. In the meantime, those with hypertension may turn to supplements containing fish oil, folic acid or garlic, as they all may aid in reducing blood pressure.