A compound found in extra-virgin olive oil may help prevent and treat Alzheimer’s, according to a new study.

The findings, reported in the journal Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, suggest that the compound oleocanthal alters the structure of neurotoxic proteins believed to contribute to the debilitating effects of Alzheimer’s disease. This structural change impedes the proteins’ ability to damage brain nerve cells.

"The findings may help identify effective preventative measures and lead to improved therapeutics in the fight against Alzheimer’s disease," said study co-leader Dr Paul A.S. Breslin.

Researchers say clinical studies are needed to determine the overall significance of their findings.

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, with an estimated 5.3 million Americans living with the disease. The Alzheimer’s Association says it is the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S.

According to WebMD, symptoms include impaired memory and thinking, disorientation and confusion, changes in personality and behavior as well as loss of normal sleep patterns.

Fish oil supplements and vitamin B are believed to help boost memory and improve brain function.